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In the Vedic texts, the term "Arya" (Sanskrit: आर्य) is frequently used to denote individuals who are noble, honorable, and adhere to Vedic cultural norms. It serves as a self-designation for the Indo-Aryan people, distinguishing them from non-Aryas or outsiders. The concept of an "Aryan nation" is encapsulated in the term "Āryāvarta" (Sanskrit: आर्यावर्त), which translates to "abode of the Aryas." Āryāvarta is described in ancient Hindu texts, such as the Dharmashastras and Sutras, as the region of the northern Indian subcontinent where Indo-Aryan tribes settled and where Vedic religion and rituals predominated. The boundaries of Āryāvarta expanded over time as Brahmanical influence spread eastward in post-Vedic periods.
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Additionally, the term "Airyanem Vaejah" (Avestan: 𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬥𐬆𐬨 𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬵) appears in the Avesta, the sacred scriptures of Zoroastrianism, referring to the "Aryan expanse" or homeland of the early Iranians. This term underscores the shared cultural and linguistic heritage between the Indo-Aryans of the Vedic tradition and the ancient Iranians.
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The Vedas "Aryan nation" by that specific term, reference the concept through terms like "Āryāvarta," denoting the geographical and cultural domain of the Arya people.


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Trousers have a long history, with evidence of their use dating back to the 6th century BC. Rock carvings and artworks from Persepolis depict individuals wearing trousers, indicating their presence in ancient Persia. During this period, various Iranian peoples, including the Scythians, Sarmatians, Sogdians, and Bactrians, as well as Armenians and certain Eastern and Central Asian groups, are known to have worn trousers. These garments were practical, especially for horse-riding nomadic cultures.
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The ancient Greeks referred to the trousers worn by Eastern nations as "ἀναξυρίδες" (anaxyrides) and to the loose trousers of the Scythians as "σαράβαρα" (sarabara). Notably, the term "sarabara" is believed to have been borrowed from the Persian word "shalwār" (شلوار), indicating a linguistic connection to Persian attire.
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While it's challenging to attribute the invention of trousers to a single culture, ancient Iranian peoples, including those from the region now known as Iran, played a significant role in their early use and development.

For a more in-depth exploration of the history of trousers, you might find this video informative: